oppose: can apply to a range from mere objection to bitter hostility or active warfare: ~d the plan to build a nuclear power plant.


combat: stresses the forceful or urgent nature of actively countering something: ~ the disease  by educating the public.  （counter表示反方向反击反制，"Counter Attack"<反恐精英>是1999年发布的枪战游戏，可以组成合成词如逆时针counter-clockwise，对方counterpart）


resist: implies an overt recognition of a hostile or threatening force and a positive effort to counteract, fend off, or repel it: struggled valiantly to ~ the temptation.  


withstand: suggests a more passive, yet often successful, resistance: unable to ~ peer pressure.  身份平等的人如同学同事同僚


antagonize: implies an arousing of resistance or hostility in another: statements that ~d even his own supporters.   (antagonist除表示反对者敌视者，还表示戏剧小说等的反面角色，如指环王里的Sauron, the main antagonist in The Lord of the Rings。反义词protagonist支持者，正面角色主人公)


object反对: 适用范围广,从仅仅表示不同意到敌意到战争，combat战斗: 强调迫切有力地反击某物，resist抵抗: 表示意识到了敌意或威胁，并采取措施对其反击抵挡驱离(counteract, fend off, repel)，withstand抵抗住: 表示被动但通常成功的抵抗，antagonize引发对立: 表示激起对抗或敌意:


记忆方法: 1）首字母OCRWA写成a crow一只乌鸦<==引人反感，让人反对


         2）反对的意思是与之对立mean to set oneself against someone or something.